STRUCTURE- bladder is situated in the pelvis-lower part of the abdomen. It is hollow, muscular and balloon-like.
FUNCTION- bladder collects urine (a waste product) from kidneys through tubes (ureters) and stores it. When it is full enough, it empties through urethra.
UNDERSTANDING BLADDER CANCER- cancer is an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells in any part and organ of the body resulting in a tumor or a lump. it maybe malignant or benign. The former type can spread to other parts of the body(known as metastasis).Among the different types of bladder cancer ,can be classified as per origin-in cells forming the lining of bladder or in glandular cells. Also if it has spread only in bladder lining(superficial cancer) or muscle wall(invasive cancer)Invasive cancers can spread through the bladder wall into nearby organs such as the prostate gland in men, the vagina in women, the bowel, or lymph nodes. Further spread to other organs such as the bones and liver is possible. Treatments for bladder cancer include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and biologic therapy. Biologic therapy, or immunotherapy, boosts your body's own ability to fight cancer.
RISK FACTORS - smoking and eexposure to certain chemicals in the workplace. People with a family history of bladder cancer or who are older, white or male have a higher risk.
Symptoms- if any of the following symptoms are noticed GP may be seen as it needs to be dealt with immediately though it is not a sure sign of bladder cancer.
Symptoms include
• Blood in your urine(though it can be a sign of kidney stones or urinary tract infections)
• A frequent urge to urinate; pain or a burning feeling when you urinate and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying (these are all also the symptoms of urinary tract infection)these are caused by irritation of the bladder wall by tumor.
• Having the urge to urinate but without result.
• Low back pain or pain in the pelvis
Commonest of signs-blood in the urine is known as hematuria.it may be visible to the naked eye (called gross hematuria) or may not be so. In the latter case-a laboratory test may detect it (called microscopic hematuria). This may come and go and is often painless. Sometimes blood clots may form and cause pain or obstruction to the flow of urine. In 80% of cases of bladder cancer-either of the two types of hematuria is present. This may appear suddenly with no apparent cause, and there is unlikely to be any pain associated with it. The urine may vary from rusty brown to deep red, depending on the amount of blood. It may be present some days and not others, and may disappear for weeks or months. The amount of blood is not related to the extent of the cancer. Sometimes blood clots can form and cause pain or obstruction to the flow of urine.
FUNCTION- bladder collects urine (a waste product) from kidneys through tubes (ureters) and stores it. When it is full enough, it empties through urethra.
UNDERSTANDING BLADDER CANCER- cancer is an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells in any part and organ of the body resulting in a tumor or a lump. it maybe malignant or benign. The former type can spread to other parts of the body(known as metastasis).Among the different types of bladder cancer ,can be classified as per origin-in cells forming the lining of bladder or in glandular cells. Also if it has spread only in bladder lining(superficial cancer) or muscle wall(invasive cancer)Invasive cancers can spread through the bladder wall into nearby organs such as the prostate gland in men, the vagina in women, the bowel, or lymph nodes. Further spread to other organs such as the bones and liver is possible. Treatments for bladder cancer include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and biologic therapy. Biologic therapy, or immunotherapy, boosts your body's own ability to fight cancer.
RISK FACTORS - smoking and eexposure to certain chemicals in the workplace. People with a family history of bladder cancer or who are older, white or male have a higher risk.
Symptoms- if any of the following symptoms are noticed GP may be seen as it needs to be dealt with immediately though it is not a sure sign of bladder cancer.
Symptoms include
• Blood in your urine(though it can be a sign of kidney stones or urinary tract infections)
• A frequent urge to urinate; pain or a burning feeling when you urinate and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying (these are all also the symptoms of urinary tract infection)these are caused by irritation of the bladder wall by tumor.
• Having the urge to urinate but without result.
• Low back pain or pain in the pelvis
Commonest of signs-blood in the urine is known as hematuria.it may be visible to the naked eye (called gross hematuria) or may not be so. In the latter case-a laboratory test may detect it (called microscopic hematuria). This may come and go and is often painless. Sometimes blood clots may form and cause pain or obstruction to the flow of urine. In 80% of cases of bladder cancer-either of the two types of hematuria is present. This may appear suddenly with no apparent cause, and there is unlikely to be any pain associated with it. The urine may vary from rusty brown to deep red, depending on the amount of blood. It may be present some days and not others, and may disappear for weeks or months. The amount of blood is not related to the extent of the cancer. Sometimes blood clots can form and cause pain or obstruction to the flow of urine.
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